漢字Kanji · in Nature & Elements
凍: frozen, congeal
Also: refrigerate
JLPT N210 strokesSecondary schoolYour ink: 白 Not met
冫 carries the meaning · 東 gives the sound
10 strokes
Three readings, and the words that use each
トウtou · on'yomi · in compounds
- 凍傷とうしょうfrostbite
- 冷凍庫れいとうこfreezer
- 凍結するとうけつするfreeze
- 凍死するとうしするfreeze to death
- 解凍するかいとうするthaw
こおるkooru · kun'yomi · on its own
- 凍るこおるfreeze [v.i.]
こごえるkogoeru · kun'yomi
- 凍えるこごえるbe numb with cold [v.i.]
Also read こごる, いてる, しみる, with no example words in our sources. Words: Kanji alive, CC BY 4.0.
成り立ち
Where it comes from
Origin · sourced
Phono-semantic compound (形聲)仌, as 冫 (meaning) + 東 (sound)
Source: Wiktionary, 凍 (rev. 93384863), CC BY-SA 4.0
Memory story · made up to help you remember
“Ice (冫) + east/sun (東). Imagine the "east" sun trying to rise, but everything is still trapped in a layer of "ice" and frozen solid.”
繋がり
Connections
Ink shades, lightest to darkest: 白 Not met, 淡 Met, 中 Learning, 濃 Familiar, 印 Mastered
東
Also built on east (東)
凍 takes the 東 family's reading, トウ (tou).
Easy to confuse
The difference, side by side凍 frozen · 冫
vs陳 exhibit · ⻖In ChineseSimplified 冻 · traditional, as in Japanese · dòng
Japan keeps the traditional form 凍; mainland China simplifies it to 冻.
- Simplified
- 冻 mainland China, Singapore
- Traditional
- 凍 Taiwan, Hong Kong
Pinyin dòng most common reading
Forms and pinyin: Unicode Unihan database (Unicode License v3). Pinyin lists the most common reading, not every reading.
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